Oil-burning pressure torch



Feb. 15, 1927.

HfH. KRESS OIL BURNING PRESSURE TORCH Filed May 28. 1923 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 INVENTOR flew ry Harrison A7-e6s Feb. 15, 1927.

. H. H. KRESS OIL wank}; PRESSURE TORCH "Filed May 28, 1923 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 INVENTOR Henry Harrison fleas,

Patented eb; 15, 1927.

HENRY HARRISON Knees; or PHILADELPHiA, rnnivsYLvAniA.

oin-iaunnnvernnssunn- TonoHl Application filed Ma 2s Someof. the objects of the presentj invention are to provide an improved. blow torch using as a fuel any grade of kerosene, distillate, or any. other lightoil readily vaporized to produce complete. combustion; to provide a burner for a' blow. torch wherein the fuel is supplied to the burner in a highly heated vaporized condition; to provide a burner having means for preheating the fuel and producing a partially vaporized jcondi-j tion prior to ts entering the main vaporizing chamber; to provide means for regulating and varying the fuel and air rnixture to secureproper proportioning for carburetting purposes under different conditions of use; to provide a mixing tube for an oil. burner which can be varied as to length andin relation to the oil inlet; -to provide a fuel inlet 1923 Se rial in; 41,877.

burner lO consists of a tubular nozzle 16 .a shello r casing17, a back plate 18 provided with a fuel mi xture tube 20, anda fuel control needle valve 21. h

For. the purpose of heating and vapo giz-- ing the supply of liquid fuel under pressure,

the nozzle 16 is constructed with a closed annulai chamber 22 in itswall having an inlet 23 and outlet 24. The fuel supply pipe 11 is connected to..the.inlet 28 and a vapor supply: pipe 25 leads, from the outlet 24; to a holder fittingf26 which, ashere shown, supports at. one end the supply pipe 11 and at the other flend (supports, the; vapor supply pipe 25 and a bracing or supporting pipe 27.

which can be readily cleaned and main};

tained free of dirt and deposits; to provide a nozzle for an oil burnerjwhich is so proportioned and constructed as to prevent carbon deposits and maintaina'heatizone for vaporizing purposes; to provide eans for introducing a secondary air supply to an on burning chamber; to provide a pumping element for a storage tank ofa blower torch havingmeans for causing the pump to cease functioningfat a predetermined pressure; and toprovide other improvements as will hereinafterappear. v a

In; the accompanying drawings, 1. represents a longitudinal or axial section of an oil burner embodying one form of, the present invention; Fig.2 represents a side elevation of the burner and its associated parts and showing the pressure tank partly broken away; Fig. 3,,represents an elevation of the discharge end of the burner; Fig. 4c represents a detail in section of the pressure release pumping element; Fig.5represents v a detail infsection' of a form of safety valve; Fig. 6 represents an end elevation of Fig.5; Fig..7 represents asectiononlinefaz of Fig.1; Fig. 8 represents an enlargeddetail; in section ofthefuelcontrol valve; and Fig, 9 represents a section on line 9 9 of Fig. 7.

Referring-to the drawings; one form of the present invention comprises tan pi l; burner 1O supplied by apipell with fuel under pressure from a storage tank 12 of a P a -11y oth r eu tab typ -.1The;

pipe 11 is controlled by a main fuel valve 18, mountedin-a fitting 14; which. also carriesa mov ble-se n. ba ket e115 another fil rs means, Generally considered, the

Also the fitting 26 is provided Witha passage 28 communicationwith the pipe 25 and terminating in a dischargeport. 30. disposed to discharge axially of the shell 17 and into. the fuelgtube 20. It should be noted that the chamber 22 lies in close proximity to andfollows thecontour of theinner Wall of the nozzle, and being also of relatively narrow proportions, encircling the zone of heat, it follows that theincoming fuel is subjected toa maximum heating and be comes 'a heated gaseous mi xture. Furthermore, the twosupply pipes 11 and 25 pass lengthwise through the shell 17 and are, thus maintained in heated condition through direct contact Ywith. the .burning products so that the incoming ,fuel is preheated before reaching the vaporizing chamber 22 and the vaporized; fuelis -further heated as it theburner. I a V r I In orderto supply. air to the hot fuel vapor, the rear end, of the shell 17 is provided with the back-plate 18 which is made returns. through the pipe: 25 to i fast thereto andhas aplurality 0foutwardly flaring curved openings 32 extending from adjacenta-eentrally disposed tubular guide 33; preferably; formed as apart of the back- Plate. o adja t the, o r. r of the, said baole-plate. Betvs een -the respective pairs of; openings 32, the back-plate 18 is provided with yv ebs or wings -34L which follow the en mLe rv d cqn ur; o h pen ng 32: and new intq th iie d' oijthe am er f rmedby t e she l- 7?- Thus th ba -p a r iie 5321mm pas a e for; h vwrite. er, heishe 17 andro ni doing: it s kes; he. .wi gszfi jisde e t du n l y ad ly,.-.end1 e e l-1. p p w th a sw ling As a mean for attains" I ing the entering air, the tube 33 carries a rotatable shutter 35 which is mounted flush with the outer side of the back-plate 18 and has" substantially the same diameter.

This shutter 35 is provided withopenings 36 similarly shaped and arranged with respect to the openings 32 of the back-plate 18 so that the shutter 35 may be brought to a position where the two sets of openings 23 d the path of movement of the shutter'35 is unobstructed by the aforesaid pipes and can be freely swung to its limit of movement.

In order to admita secondary supply of air, that portion of the shell 17, which encircles the fuel inlet, is provided with a plurality of apertures 38 suitably spaced and arranged to cause suction to draw in additional air to assist in promoting effective combustion V For initially mixing the fuel delivered from the'port 30, the tube 20 is slidably mounted withinthe guide 33 and has an outwardly flared inlet end 40 alined with .the port 30 and located to receive the dis- I charged fuel and to serve as an intake for tioned to suit atmospheric conditions.

air drawn in by the action-of the fuel under pressure. This tube 20 may be moved to 'wards or away from the port 30 so that the initial mixture may be properly propor- "this connection it will be noted that angularly disposed air passages 41 are provided in the guide in close proximity to the discharge end tomore thoroughly intermingle the products. V d "For controlling the port 30, the needle valve 2.1 is provided, having a stem 42 threa'dedin the wall ofthe fitting 26 and passing through a stufling'box 43 to terminate' 1n an opera'ting hand wheel 44. As

. here shown, the port 30 is formed in'a tubular plug 45 threaded into the fitting 26 r and having a. bore 46. of'large'r diameter than the port 30 to receive apart 17 of the valve which is somewhat larger-than the diameter of the end orneedle portion of the valve 21. This construction forms a means for cleaning the passage in the bushing 45,

' as'the stem 21 canbe turned to cause the part 47 and the valve n'eedle'to work back 1 and forth in the plug passage-to work out 6 any dirt or deposits which may collect.

In order to retard the burning products while still obtaining the desired nozzle velocity, the inner wall'of the nozzle 16 is a. shaped to have a curvature 48 converging 1 in eneral conical form towardsthe nozzle out et 50 but interrupted intermediate its length by an annular, rounded, internally projecting shoulder 51. The function of this shoulder 51 is to gradually contract the nozzle passage so that the swirling flame will be rather abruptly changed in direction and create a reverse eddy in the throat of the nozzle to fully complete the combustion and project a clean, clear reddish blue flame from the nozzle with the maximum heat intensity. T

For rigidly supporting the burner 10, the brace or pipe 27 is bolted or otherwise made fast to the pipe 11 as shown at 52, adjacent to the handle of the apparatus." This handle consists of a sleeve or pipe 53fitting over a portion of the supply pipe 11 but having a diameter enough larger than the pipe 11 toform an space so that-the handle portion remainsrelatively cool during' the operation of the burner.

In order to place the fuel under pressure, the tank 12 is provided with a hand operated pump 5 10f the plunger type actuated by a handle 55 on the exterior of the tank. As here shown the pumping element or plunger 56 embodies a pressure release'mech anism comprising a check valve 57normally held seated over a port 58 by a coil spring 60 and controlling admission of pressure to a chamber 61 which communicates with the space at the side of the plunger 56 subject to atmosphericpressure. The spring 60 is so adjusted that when the pressure in the tank 12 exceeds the desired limit, thevalve 57 will be forced from its seat against the spring pressure and cause further pumping to be ineffectual. 7 I

A discharge pipe 62 leads from the tank 12 to a hand operated valve 63 controlling the admission of fuel to'the supply pipe 11, while a filter plug 641 with a removable closure 65 serves to admitfuel to replenish the tank when empty. This plug G ads provided with a through port 66 having a weakened section 67 which is arranged to be blown out when thepressure in-the' tank exceeds a certain predetermined inaxin'ium, for ex ample, ighty pounds per square inch, and

thus functions as a safety valve j Under starting conditions it is desirable to provide an auxiliary vaporizing means arranged to operate. until the nozzle parts have reached such a temperature as will cause the required continued vaporization of the fuel, and to that end the bottom portion ofv the burner'lO is provided with fastening devices 7 0 rigidly supporting a preheating pan 71. The preferred arrangement is to provideea pan 71 of a length to extend from the fuel inlet portion of the burner to the nozzle portion so that when filled with ignited fuel it will effectively heat the length of the supply pipe 11-which is just above it. Furthermore,- since the shell 17 is provided with openings: 38 in its bottom pert-ion, it will be evident that heat radiated from the interior of the shell will be circulated and retained by the pan in contact with the supply pipe 11 and thereby save heat units otherwise lost byradiation. To; increase the effectiveness of the pan 71 as a heat retainer, it is preferable to pack it with asbestos 72 or other suitable mate-rial.

From the foregoing it is believed the operation of the device will be apparent, but attention is directed to the action ofthe back-plate 18 and its adjuncts as these function to produce a rotary or swirling action to the incoming air which is thus thrown into contact with the burning oil to thoroughly break up the gaseous content and insure perfect combustion. Also, by providing a. movable mixing tube, the flame can be maintained a converging one which has its focus at the desired point within the chamber of the shell or housing. Byproportioning the length of the shell to that of the nozzle, and giving the latter a predetermined taper, the swirling flame attains its maximum heat just prior to being projected from the nozzle outlet. The effectiveness of the flame is considerably increased because of the annular shoulder formed in close proximity to the nozzle outlet so that the gases are momentarily retarded and the remaining products consumed, while the increased velocity resulting from such nozzle construction prevents the deposit of carbon and consequent choking of the outlet.

In connection with the mixing tube 20 the adjustable feature of this should be noted as it is possible by varying the distance of the mixing tube inlet from the discharge port 30 to change and proportion the air in accordance with atmospheric conditions. Thus, for example, with a heavy atmosphere it may be necessary to increase the suction efl'ect'of the nozzle by altering the position of the tube 20 so that the distance of the inlet is increased, while when conditions are the reverse, or when a wind is blowing the tube 20 is adjusted to a position somewhat closer to the port 30.

While but one form is shown in which this invention may be embodied, it is to be understood that the invention is not limited to any specific construction, but might be. applied in various forms without departing from the spirit of the invention or the scope of the appended claims,

Having thus described my invention, I

7 claim 71. In a blow torch, a casing provided with a nozzle, a fuel and air mixing tube com-,

fuel td said conduit, an air supply to said casing, and means to proportion the supply of air to said casing. V.

2. In a blow torch, a casing a nozzle, a fuel and air mixing tubing communicating with said casing opposite to provided with I said nozzle, a valve controlled fuel supply conduit arranged to discharge into said mixing tube, means for varying the distance between said discharge and said tube, means for supplying vaporized fuel to said conduit, an air supply to said casing, and means to proportion the supply of air to saidcasing.

3. In a blow torch, a casing forming a combustion chamber, inlets respectively for vaporized fuel and air at one end of said casing, a nozzle at the opposite end of said casing, means for vaporizing fuel, a source offuel under pressure communicating with said vaporizing means, means including a control valve for delivering vaporized fuel to said fuel inlet, means including a rotat- Sn) 1 means encirclin said mixin tube an apertured shutter connected between said casing and said tube and rotary vane members for controlling said shutter.

5. In a blow torch, a casing forming a combustion chamber having an open'inlet end and a converging nozzle discharge end, a fuel nozzle supported in position to discharge into the open end of said combustion chamber and spaced from said end, a tubular.

open-ended mixing tube supported in said combustion chamber and co-axially arranged with respect to said fuel nozzle, means movably mounted in said tube for varying the air entering said tube, and means supporting said mixing tube and provided with air passages leading to said combustion chamber. V

6. In a blow torch, a casing forming a combustion chamber having an open inlet end and a converging nozzle discharge end, a fuel nozzle supported. in positlon, todischarge into the open end of said combustion chamber andv spaced from'said end, a tubular open-ended mixing tube supported in said combustion chamber and co-axially arranged-with respect to said fuel nozzle,

means movably mounted in said tube for varying the air entering said tube, and means supporting said mixing tube including air proportioning means to vary the air supply to said combustion chamber.

Signed at Philadelphia,'in the county of I I Philadelphia. State of Pennsylvania, this 11th day of May, 1923. I

' HENRY HARRISON KRESS, 

